What is a favela?
UN-HABITAT defines a slum (In Brazil a favela) household as a group of individuals living under the same roof in an urban area who lack one or more of the following.
- Durable housing of a permanent nature that protects against extreme climate conditions
- Sufficient living space which means not more than three people sharing the same room
- Easy access to safe water in sufficient amounts at an affordable price
- Access to adequate sanitation in the form of a private or public toilet shared by a reasonable number of people
- Security of tenure that prevents forced evictions
There are over 1 billion slum dwellers in the world and they are more likely to die earlier, experience more hunger and disease, attain less education and have fewer chances of employment than those urban residents that do not reside in a slum. (UN-HABITAT, State of the world’s cities 2006/7)
The consequences on a child
hungry, grieving, un-protected, victim of physical abuse, thirsty, dirty, injured, vulnerable, un-loved, no dignity, lack of self-confidence, bullied, feeling worthless, lack of sleep, victim of violence, no hope, lack of security, victim of sexual abuse, no motivation for learning, under pressure, no one to trust, victim of crime, illiterate, no dreams, nowhere to play, physically weak, victim of trauma, un-cared for, malnourished, un-supervised, moving from home to home, fearful, desperate, high risk of death before the age of 5.. ............................................to the top
Education in Brazil
Only 18% of children go to pre-school
50% of school teachers do not have teacher Certification
There are only 2-3 hours of classes per day
Of 100 children who register for 1st grade
- 50 drop out in within two years
- 37 finish 4th grade (age 11)
- 17 finish 8th grade (age 15)
- 9 finish high school (age 18)
It is widely acknowledged that the Brazilian Education system is under-funded and badly administrated .................................to the top |
